Polialkilkeno glikoliai yra higroskopiški, palyginti su kitais sintetiniais tepalais ir mineralinėmis alyvomis, tačiau mažas vandens kiekis polialkilenglikoliuose negali sukelti cheminio nestabilumo ar problemų, tokių kaip ledo susidarymas ar metalo paviršiaus korozija. Tačiau polialkilenglikolio pernelyg didelės vandens absorbcijos galima išvengti sumažinus produkto sąlytį su oru.
ZEROEL PAG klasėms nustatyta mažo vandens kiekio specifikacija – 0,03 % maks. Tinkamai elgiantis su gaminiu reikia laikyti birius kiekius azotu padengtuose induose (arba juose įrengti ventiliacines džiovykles), o dirbant su nedideliais kiekiais reikia tiesiog užtikrinti, kad talpykla būtų uždaryta, kai ji nenaudojama, ir laikas, praleistas gaminiui perkeliant į kompresoriaus sistemą. sumažintas iki minimumo.
Polialkilkeno glikoliai yra higroskopiški, palyginti su kitais sintetiniais tepalais ir mineralinėmis alyvomis, tačiau mažas vandens kiekis polialkilenglikoliuose negali sukelti cheminio nestabilumo ar problemų, tokių kaip ledo susidarymas ar metalo paviršiaus korozija. Tačiau polialkilenglikolio pernelyg didelės vandens absorbcijos galima išvengti sumažinus produkto sąlytį su oru.
ZEROEL PAG klasėms nustatyta mažo vandens kiekio specifikacija – 0,03 % maks. Tinkamai elgiantis su gaminiu reikia laikyti birius kiekius azotu padengtuose induose (arba juose įrengti ventiliacines džiovykles), o dirbant su nedideliais kiekiais reikia tiesiog užtikrinti, kad talpykla būtų uždaryta, kai ji nenaudojama, ir laikas, praleistas gaminiui perkeliant į kompresoriaus sistemą. sumažintas iki minimumo.
|
Rūšis |
Klampumas prie 40ºC, mm2 /s |
Tankis, prie 15ºC, kg/m3 |
Pliūpsnio temperatūra PMCC, ºC |
Stingimo temperatūra ºC, |
Panaudojimas, savybės |
|
Molyduval Patricia KG 32 Patricia KG 46 |
32 46 68 |
990 1030 1040 |
220 225 218 |
-52 -45 -42 |
Sintetinė poliglikolių pagrindo šaldymo alyvasu puikiomis anti oksidacinėmis, temperatūros – klampumo charakteristikomis. Visų tipų stūmokliniams, sraigtiniams ir centrifūginiams kompresoriams. Puikus tirpumas HFC R-134a šaltnešyje. Kondicionieriams, suprojektuotiems darbui su polialkilen glikoliais, senesnėms sistemoms, naudojusioms R12/mineralinės alyvos derinį. |
|
PAG 100 PAG 150 |
46 100 150 |
983 1046 1051 |
242 262 260 |
-50 -50 -46 |
Ypač ekstremalių temperatūrų poli-alkilen-glikolių (PAG) pagrindo sintetinės alyvos HFC šaldikliams kaip R134a.Ypač gamyklinio užpildymo auto kondicionieriams. 200 ltr pakuotės. |
|
RFL 68 EP RFL 100 EP |
46 68 100 |
998 998 999 |
>200 >200 >200 |
-49 -46 -43 |
CO2 kompresorių sintetinė šaldymo alyvapoli-alkilen-glikolių (PAG) pagrindu. Nauja technologija sumažino alyvos hidroskopiškumą. Aukšto terminio, cheminio ir hidrolitinio stabilumo, puikaus sutepimo. 200 ltr pakuotės. |
ZEROL PAG Series
ĮVADAS
Hidrofluorangliavandenilių (HFC) šaltnešiai plačiai naudojami visame pasaulyje kaip aplinkai labiau priimtini CFC, kurie rodo ozono ardymo potencialą (ODP). Pastebėtas prastas HFC ir mineralinės alyvos pagrindu pagamintų tepalų sistemų suderinamumas, todėl sintetinių tepalų naudojimas yra gerai žinomas. Beveik visos naujos mobilios oro kondicionavimo sistemos užpildytos R-134a ir suteptos polialkilenglikolio tepalais. Sintetiniai polialkilenglikolio (PAG) tepalai demonstruoja puikų tepimą ir gerą tirpumą su šaltnešiu HFC R-134a.
ZEROL PAG Grades yra visiškai suformuluoti ISO klasės polialkilenglikolio tepalai, sukurti specialiai naudoti su R-134a mobiliose oro kondicionavimo sistemose. ZEROL PAG klasės yra skirtos naudoti oro kondicionavimo sistemose, kur kompresoriui reikalingas tepalas, kurio klampumas yra 46–150 cSt @ 40ºC.
MONTAVIMAS
ZEROL PAG klasės yra tinkamos naudoti, kai senesnėse transporto priemonėse, kuriose naudojamas R12 ir mineralinės alyvos derinys, modifikuojama iš CFC R12 į HFC R-134a. ZEROEL PAG klasės pasižymi puikiu tirpumu su R-12, yra stabilios esant likusiam R-12 lygiui, taip pat yra maišomos ir stabilios su mineralinės alyvos likučiais.
PRODUKTŲ TVARKYMAS
Polialkilkeno glikoliai yra higroskopiški, palyginti su kitais sintetiniais tepalais ir mineralinėmis alyvomis, tačiau mažas vandens kiekis polialkilenglikoliuose negali sukelti cheminio nestabilumo ar problemų, tokių kaip ledo susidarymas ar metalo paviršiaus korozija. Tačiau polialkilenglikolio pernelyg didelės vandens absorbcijos galima išvengti sumažinus produkto sąlytį su oru.
ZEROEL PAG klasėms nustatyta mažo vandens kiekio specifikacija – 0,03 % maks. Tinkamai elgiantis su gaminiu reikia laikyti birius kiekius azotu padengtuose induose (arba juose įrengti ventiliacines džiovykles), o dirbant su nedideliais kiekiais reikia tiesiog užtikrinti, kad talpykla būtų uždaryta, kai ji nenaudojama, ir laikas, praleistas gaminiui perkeliant į kompresoriaus sistemą. sumažinta iki minimumo.
PAG PRIVALUMAI
TYPICAL PROPERTIES
|
Performance Attribute
|
Analysis Method
|
PAG 46 |
PAG 100 |
PAG 150 |
|
Viscosity @40oC (cSt) |
ASTM D445 |
42 |
97.6 |
145.2 |
|
Viscosity @100oC (cSt) |
ASTM D445 |
8.3 |
19.9 |
28.5 |
|
Viscosity Index |
ASTM D2270 |
178 |
229 |
237 |
|
Density (gcm-1) |
ASTM D1298 |
0.983 |
1.046 |
1.051 |
|
Flash Point (oC) |
ASTM D92 |
242 |
262 |
260 |
|
Pour Point (oC) |
ASTMD97 |
-50 |
-50 |
-46 |
|
Water Content (wt%) |
ASTM E284 |
0.03 |
0.03 |
0.03 |
|
TAN (mgKOHg-1) |
ASTM D974 |
0.10 |
0.10 |
0.10 |
(The typical values presented here should not be considered to constitute a specification).
Синтетическое полиалкилгликольное масло PAG 46 для авто кондиционеров
ZEROL PAG 46 является отличным высококачественным синтетическим смазочным материалом на основе полиалкилгликолей. Это двусторонне подрезанное полиалкилен-глюколь- кондиционерное масло, разработанное специально для применения в кондиционерах автомобильной промышленности. ЗЕРОЛ ПАГ 46 разрабатывался специально для требований OEM. При этом компоненты присадок созданы передовой технологией, чтобы можно было предложить замечательную защиту для HFC-систем охлаждения, которые заполняются с R 134a. ЗЕРОЛ ПАГ 46 обладает отличной растворимостью и смазкой в автомобильных направлениях HFC-систем охлаждения.
Свойства
Эффективность
Спецификация/Классификация/Конструкция
Применение
Совместимость
|
ТЕХНИЧЕСКИЕ ПАРАМЕТРЫ |
Спецификация |
Едн |
Резултаты |
|
Базовое масло |
|
|
синтетическое AB |
|
Цвет |
ASTM D1500 |
|
< 1 |
|
Плотность при 15ºC |
DIN 51757 |
kg/m³ |
983 |
|
ISO-класс |
DIN 51519 |
ISO-VG |
46 |
|
Вязкость при 40ºC |
DIN 51562 |
mm²/s |
42 |
|
Вязкость при 100ºC |
DIN 51562 |
mm²/s |
8,3 |
|
Температура затвердевания |
DIN ISO 3016 |
ºC |
-50 |
|
Индекс вязкост |
ASTM D2270 |
|
178 |
|
Температура вспышки CO |
DIN ISO 2592 |
ºC |
242 |
|
Кислотность TAN |
ASTM D974 |
mgKOHg-1 |
0,10 |
|
Влага |
ASTM E284 |
wt% |
< 0,03 |
In conclusion we believe that:
PAG is the most available and suitable base oil for a CO2 refrigerating systems.
Our conclusion is based on: (1) Although PAG is less miscible than the other tested oils, oil return problems will not occur. (2) PAG shows the best lubricity performance. (3) POE shows poor lubricity and stability. (4) PC is worse than PAG and PVE in lubricity. (5) PAG oil is already successfully and extensively used by Japanese OEM’s for hermetic compressors used in heat pump water heatersystems and automotive A/C systems.
3.1 Miscibility of Oils/CO2 mixtures Fig.7 shows the two-phase separation temperature curve of PAG. 7, 9 and 20 in PAG curves represent the 100? kinetic viscosity. PAG curves 9 and 20 have an immiscible region from 10 wt% to 40 wt% oil ratio. However this graph indicates that 50~ 60 wt% CO2 refrigerant is dissolved in PAG at the separated oil layer. In practice, even if two-phase separation occurs in the cooling system (the evaporator and the accumulator), there was no trouble for oil return to occur because of the lowered PAG’s viscosity with CO2. In the case of mineral oils (MO’s), alkyl benzenes (AB) and Polyalphaolefins (PAO), CO2 is less dissolved in all regions because of there immiscibility with CO2. The two-phase separation temperature curves of PVE, POE and PC are shown in Fig.8. All these oils have a wide miscible region when compared to PAG’s. The oxygen-containing synthetic oils such as PAG, PVE, POE and PC are called the miscible type oils with CO2. On the other hand, MO, AB and PAO are considered to be the immiscible type refrigerating oils. It is necessary to use an oil separator with these immiscible type oils. 3.2 Viscosity of Oils/CO2 Mixtures Table 2 summarizes the viscosity of four oils at two conditions (supercritical and miscible region) referred to Table 1. The first condition (50? and 9 MPa) is selected to compare the effect of solubility on viscosity at the supercritical condition. Under this condition PAG/CO2 mixture shows the lowest solubility and highest viscosity among the four oils. As shown in Fig.1, the discharge area of the compressor experiences severely high temperature and pressure. These results indicate that PAG is much more suitable oil for lubricity at the supercritical condition. It is found that high solubility with CO2 tends to lower the viscosity. Seeton 5) and Nagahama6) reported that the viscosity of POE was lower than that of PAG. This was also confirmed in our investigation. At the low temperature (-10? , miscible region), at least 60 wt% of CO2 is dissolved in the PAG liquid layer. Thus even if the mixture is separated into two layers, we expect the mixture will keep sufficient fluidity to ensure oil return. 3.3 Lubricity Test Results at the subcritical condition The preliminary lubricity investigation is carried out by means of the hermetic type "Brock on Ring" friction and wear tester. The purpose of this test is to compare the lubricating effect of the additive-treated oils in a CO2 atmosphere with those in a R134a atmosphere. Fig.9, shows the anti-wear test results for four kinds of oils that contained the same additive formulation as a commercial PAG oil. The results indicate that PAG performed the best (least amount of wear) followed by (in descending order) PVE, PC then POE. Although these results were conducted with a test apparatus, we can expect that PAG and PVE would have good lubricity in the supercritical condition of a compressor operation. 3.4 Lubricity Test Results at the supe rcritical condition Four kinds of base oils are investigated by the hermetic type “ Ball-on-Disk ” friction and wear tester in the supercritical condition (100? , 8.5MPa). Fig.10 shows the pictures of the surface on the steel ball and the sliding path on the disk. In this test, the contact configuration between the steel ball and the disk is the point-contact. Because of this, a smaller diameter scar on the balls indicates better lubricity. Furthermore, lubricity can also be measured by examining the width and depth of the sliding path running across the original grinding marks (created during disc manufacture) on the disc. The results obtained are summarized in Table 3. In the case of PAG, the wear scar diameter on the steel ball surface is much smaller and the sliding path on the disc is shallow and narrow.. In addition, the original grinding marks on the disc still remain. The scar diameter on the balls with PVE is a little wider than that with PAG. A wider scar is formed on the balls when POE was tested indicating less lubricity. Also, the original grinding marks on the disk surfaces completely disappeared when POE and PC were tested. R080, Page 4 International Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Conference at Purdue, July 12-15, 2004 Fig.11 shows the comparison of the wear width on steel balls and the wear depth on Aluminum disks under 0.7 and 8.5 MPa CO2 conditions. In both high and low pressure conditions, the wear situation on the ball and the disk is approximately the same for PAG, PVE and PC. POE stands out from the rest showing extreme wear at the supercritical condition. This data indicates that much caution must be taken when using POE in lubrication between Al and Fe at this severe condition. 3.5 Stability Test Results Table 4 gives the results of the stability tests. The appearance of the testing oils and metal strips are summarized. All of the oils were clear and exhibited good appearance. The copper strip showed slight discoloration in all the tested oils except PVE. Fig.12 shows the results of acid number (AN) after the stability test. Dramatic increase of AN is observed for POE. The reason for this is the production of carboxylic acid by hydrolysis. Therefore it’s critical for severe water control when using POE. We also evaluated the stability of the additive containing PAG at 220? for 10days. Table 5 shows the results of acid number (AN) and additive contents after the stability test. The test results indicate that PAG oil is tolerant in both water and air containing conditions. The test results also indicate a long, in use, product life 3.6 Endurance Test Results For the endurance tests, we developed the PAG oil which contains antiwear, antioxidant and acid catcher agents. For hermetic compressors used for heat pump water heater systems and automotive A/C systems, electrical resistibility of the oil and CO2 mixtures is required. Fig.13 shows the measurement results of volumetric resistibility of the PAG oil/CO2, PVE/R410A and POE/R410A mixtures. In these results, the bottom of PAG/CO2 is higher than PVE/R410A and POE/R410A. Therefore, we conclude that PAG oil/CO2 is the most suited for hermetic compressors. Table 6 shows the results of acid number (AN) and additive contents after 5000Hr endurance tests of CO2 refrigerant two-stage compressors for heat pump water heater system in commercial use. The PAG oil indicates no change from its new oil condition and therefore is expected to have long-term reliability.